We have an attribute called "work locality" and another called "birth locality" to catch people whose nationality is different from the country in which they were born and for the example of the British artist who worked in Japan. This keeps the Nationality clean but allows us to search for people by association to different countries. Suzanne Voce Stephens Birmingham Museum of Art From: The Museum System (TMS) Users [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Aylsworth, David Sent: Monday, August 31, 2009 3:42 PM To: [log in to unmask] Subject: Re: dual-nationality We use the past tense version "American, born Sweden", and try to be fairly consistent with it. But I've got a related question: Does this affect what you consider to be the culture of the object, then? We made an almost arbitrary decision that the culture of the object had to match the nationality of the artist. We use the geography fields to denote where the object was made. Alfred Stieglitz only makes "American" objects, even when he has taken pictures in France This hasn't been completely satisfactory, as we have British photographers who have worked all of their lives in Japan, but who have maintained their British nationality. Should these be considered "British" pictures or "Japanese"? Putting "British and Japanese" as the culture seems a little strange. David From: The Museum System (TMS) Users [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Moxley, Jeri Sent: Monday, August 31, 2009 3:37 PM To: [log in to unmask] Subject: Re: dual-nationality Our standards include both options, on an artist-by-artist basis, regularly reviewed for consistency by my department, and reviewed by curatorial chiefs once or twice a year. For example, we have both: American, born Sweden American and Swedish Jeri Jeri Moxley Manager, Collection and Exhibition Technologies Collection Management and Exhibition Registration The Museum of Modern Art 11 West 53 Street, New York, NY 10019-5497 Tel. (212) 708-9599 Fax. (212) 333-1102 From: The Museum System (TMS) Users [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Milby, Jessica Sent: Monday, August 31, 2009 4:24 PM To: [log in to unmask] Subject: dual-nationality Hi folks...apologies if we've covered this recently... Has anyone determined a standard for recording the nationality for artists who are citizens of two countries and need to be noted as such? We usually say for instance "American (born France)" but I have an inquiry from a curator wanting the artist's display name to include a dual nationality without the pesky past tense. Thanks, Jessica ______________________ Jessica Milby TMS Systems Manager Philadelphia Museum of Art Phone: 215-684-7283 Fax: 215-235-0035 [log in to unmask]